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KMID : 0378019900330120038
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New Medical Journal
1990 Volume.33 No. 12 p.38 ~ p.48
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The natural cytotoxicity of peripheral blood lymphocytes in colon cancer patients
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Abstract
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Natural killer cells(NK cells) are currently under intensive investigation because of their possible role in immune surveillance against malignancy, resistance microbial infection and regulation of lymphohematopoiesis.
Depression of general immune reactivity has been well documented´ in patients with colorectal cancer as well as in patients with types of solid tumors. Several tests of general immune function including lymphocyte levels and sub-population and lymphocyte function assays with mitogens and antigens have shown depressed but different degree with different stage of disease.
The main effectors of immune surveillance against cancer have been considered to be sensitized T lymphocyte and activated macrophages. Recently there has been increasing recognition that natural cell-mediated cytotoxicity is potentially an important antitumor mechanism especially recurrence, metastasis and prognosis. There was a little investigation about the relation of natural killer(NK) activity, lymphocyte subpopulation, helper to suppressor ratio with clinical stage of disease, serum CEA level or differentiation.
In order to study the relation between stimulated or non-stimulated natural cytotoxicity and stage of disease, serum CEA levels, differentiation of cancer, the patients were divided into four groups : 10 normal healthy person(control), 10 colon cancer patients of stage II (group 2), 10 colon cancer patients of stage III (group 3), 10 colon cancer patients of stage IV(group 4). Authors investigated the distribution of CD4, CD8 and NK cells, natural cytotoxicity against K562, SBA cultured cancer cells, CD4 to CD8 ratio, K562 cytotoxicity to NK cells and serum CEA levels.
The results obtained were as follows
1. The peripheral blood lymphocytes count was significantly decreased only in group 4(1, 742±847 /mm3) compare to control (2,578±878 /mm3).
2. The natural cytotoxicity against K562 cells were significantly decreased in group 2(32.
5±13.9%) (p <0.05) and group 4(30.9 ± 11.7%) than that of control (43.8 ±4.8). But there were no significant differences in natural cytotoxicity against SBA cells.
3. The natural cytotoxicity against K562 of interleukin-2 stimulated lymphocyte was significantly increased than that of non-stimulated lymphocytes (43.8±4.8% and 26.1±2.1%) in both of control (83.6±3.8%) and stage IV patients group (77.1±4.6)(p<0.001). Also the natural cytotoxicity against SBA cells was significantly increased in interleukin-2 stimulated(63.7 ±5.4%=control, 53.8 ±5.5%=stage IV) compare to non-stimulated(31.3 ±4. 7%=control, 30.9 ± 1.8%= stage IV).
4. The distribution of lymphocyte subpopulation(CD4, CD8, NK) were slightly decreased in group 2 and decrease of CD4, NK with increase of CD8 in group 4 without statistical significancy. But in group 3, CD4 cells were significantly decreased (35.1±16.1%)(p<0.01) than that of control (52.6±8.7%) and CD8 cells were significantly increased (36.6±15.4)(p<0. 05) compare to control (30.3±5.2%).
5. The ratio of CD4 to CD8 was significantly decreased in group 3(0.93 ±0.52) (p <0.01) than that of control(1.97±0.44), but no significant difference in group 2 and 4.
The ratio of K562 cytotoxicity to NK cells was decreased in group 3 and 4, but no significancy was found.
6. The serum CEA was positive(> 5ng /ml) in 43% of patients and the level was increased with advanced diseases. But there were no correlation between serum CEA level and cytotoxicity, CD4 to CD8 ratio or K562 cytotoxicity to NK cells.
7. The natural cytotoxicity against K562 cells in moderately differentiated group was significantly decreased(29.2 ±2.8%) compare to control, but no significant difference in cytotoxicity against SBA cells.
With above results, authors that the natural cytotoxicity by NK cells is decreased but not by cytotoxic T-cell in colon cancer patients and both of cytotoxic activity can be enhanced by interleukin-2 stimulation. The NK cells was slightly increased in all stage of disease of disease.
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KEYWORD
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